Locate Noctis Labyrinthus (this feature is on the western edge of Vallis Marineris, the “Grand Canyon of Mars”). In Noctis Labyrinthus, the 475 measured pits had mean widths of 136 ± 52 m, mean lengths of 177 ± 67 m, and a mean southward migration direction of 191° ± 10° (Figure 4a). The valleys and canyons of this region formed by faul In the Search tab, type in Noctis Labyrinthus and zoom in to get a good view. [6] Some researchers have modeled the formation of such chasmata on Mars on the propagation of simple graben underlain with dikes. Assume that water flowed through these valleys at some time. Geomorphologists and hydrologists often view streams as being part of drainage basins. Include a simple sketch of the drainage; take a digital photograph of your sketch to include in your lab report. Layers on floor of Noctis Labyrinthus, as seen by HiRISE under HiWish program. Dust covers most of this region, leading to its rather uniform appearance. 4. J. Alexis P. Rodriguez, Mario Zarroca, Rogelio Linares, Virginia Gulick, Catherine M. Weitz, Jianguo Yan, Alberto G. Fairén, Hideaki Miyamoto, Thomas Platz, Victor Baker, Jeffrey Kargel, Natalie Glines, Kana Higuchi. In this Viking 1 image, the canyons of Noctis Labyrinthus are filled with water ice fog from frost sublimated by the early morning sun. Layers probably contain a variety of minerals that were formed with groundwater. The canyons of this feature are faults known as grabens. However, researchers have suggested that they appear to coexist because the different deposits may have been exposed to the open atmosphere at different times, and some of these minerals do only fully dehydrate under Martian conditions over the course of many years. The walls of these valleys are very high (~5 km) and quite steep, with slopes approaching 35degs. The Noctis Labyrinthus fracture zone is centered at the heart of the Tharsis Rise, dividing a plateau of Hesperian-Noachian age that is understood to be of a basaltic composition. In this basin in particular, the mafic smectite layer overlays sulfates, aluminum phyllosilicate clays, and opaline silica deposits. a. Thin dark layers on floor of Noctis Labyrinthus; enlargement from same image. Light-toned structure on floor of Noctis Labyrinthus; enlargement from same image. Include a simple sketch of the drainage below. The Coprates quadrangle goes from 0° to 30° south latitude and 45° to 90° west longitude (315-270 E). This hypothesis has been challenged because carbonate spectral signatures have not been detected in the Noctis Labyrinthus network. Assume that water has flowed through this area: what type of drainage pattern is present here? The region is notable for its maze-like system of deep, steep-walled valleys. This hypothesis is not widely favored because chaos terrain morphology, proposed to form from this mechanism, is not found in the Noctis Labyrinthus fracture network. [5], The Noctis Labyrinthus fracture zone is centered at the heart of the Tharsis Rise, dividing a plateau of Hesperian-Noachian age that is understood to be of a basaltic composition. [6], Calcium-rich pyroxenes have been spectrally observed elsewhere in the northern reaches of the Noctis Labyrinthus fracture zone. [7] In Noctis Labyrinthus in particular, some researchers have speculated that the fracture zone's corridors may connect deeper intrusive structures, forming a plumbing network more akin to the terrestrial Thulean mantle plume, which was responsible for the formation of the North Atlantic Igneous Province. Some authors have attributed the steady collapse of the valley walls to creep tied to thermal cycling, which could cause the repeated freezing and thawing of ground ice. The region, known as Noctis Labyrinthus – the “labyrinth of the night” – lies on the western edge of Valles Marineris, the grand canyon of the Solar System. Layers in the lower portion of two neighbouring buttes within Noctis Labyrinthus. Locate Noctis Labyrinthus (this feature is on the western edge of Vallis Marineris, the "Grand Canyon of Mars"). Apollinaris Mons is an ancient shield volcano in the southern hemisphere of Mars.It is situated near the equator, south of Elysium Planitia and north of the impact crater Gusev (the landing site of the Mars rover Spirit).Elysium Planitia separates it from the volcanic province of Elysium to its northwest. Noctis Labyrinthus, on the eastern edge of the Tharsis Plateau, ... , and display first and second order parallel drainage patterns. The Coprates and Phoenicis Lacus quadrangles of Mars contain the Valles Marineris, Noctis Labyrinthus, and Claritas Fossae areas, each of which shows distinctive structural patterns. The linear channels suggest the material making up the flanks of this volcano is somewhat easily eroded: the most common explanation for this is that the flanks of Apollinaris are covered with pyroclastic material rather than rocky lava flows. Locate Noctis Labyrinthus Assume that water has flowed through this area: what type of drainage pattern is present here? Part of Noctis Labyrinthus as seen by CTX Box shows the area covered by the following HiRISE image, North and south walls of part of Noctis Labyrinthus, as seen by HiRISE under HiWish program, Wide view of north wall of part of Noctis Labyrinthus, as seen by HiRISE under HiWish program, Close view of north wall of part of Noctis Labyrinthus, as seen by HiRISE under HiWish program, Close view of south wall of part of Noctis Labyrinthus, as seen by HiRISE under HiWish program, Noctis Labyrinthus in the lower right. Locate Noctis Labyrinthus (this feature is on the western edge of Vallis Marineris, the “Grand Canyon of Mars”). Question 17: Assume that water has flowed through this area: what type of drainage pattern is present here? Courtesy NASA/Malin Space Science Systems. Drainage pattern is the pattern formed by the streams, rivers, and lakes in a particular drainage basin.They are governed by the topography of the land, whether a particular region is dominated by hard or soft rocks, and the gradient of the land. What type of drainage pattern would this area represent? In the Search tab, type in Noctis Labyrinthus and zoom to ~300 miles. 18.Now, scan to the east: if water did flow through Noctis Labyrinthus, where did that water end up? Near-linear features are also visible on the flat elevated surfaces: fault lines crossing each other in different directions, suggesting many episodes of tectonic stretching in the complex history of this region. The latter material is interpreted as such from an unusual doublet shape resolved on its spectra. [2] It is thought that this faulting was triggered by volcanic activity in the Tharsis region. Include a simple sketch of the drainage below; take a digital photograph of your sketch to include in your lab report. [7] In the chasmata of Noctis Labyrinthus, these pit crater chain collapse zones propagate directionally with a V-shaped tip, and can be used as an indicator of the direction into which magma withdraws from its underlying chamber. c. This is not necessarily indicative of a global alterational phenomenon, but is most likely tied to a localized heat source such as a volcano or an impact crater. The polygonally fractured western Noctis Labyrinthus marks the present summit region (middle); ancient radially fractured plains, some of Noachian age , extend to the north, where lava flows and small shields from the younger Tharsis Montes region embay and are superposed on the ancient fractured deposits. Include a simple sketch of the drainage below. These features you are seeing are linear valleys. Apollinaris Mons is an ancient shield volcano in the southern hemisphere of Mars.It is situated near the equator, south of Elysium Planitia and north of the impact crater Gusev (the landing site of the Mars rover Spirit).Elysium Planitia separates it from the volcanic province of Elysium to its northwest. The rock layers in this image were likely horizontal when the materials were first deposited, but are now tilted to high angles, approaching 90 degrees, so we get a … What does this type of drainage pattern suggest about the underlying bedrock? RequiredIntroduction to the Solar System in Earth science. Locate Noctis Labyrinthus (this feature is on the western edge of Vallis Marineris, the “Grand Canyon of Mars”). Include a simple sketch of the drainage; take a digital photograph of your sketch to include in your lab report. Figure 13.8 Left: a typical deranged pattern; right: a typical radial drainage pattern developed around a mountain or hill. This block of martian terrain, etched with an intricate pattern of landslides and wind-blown dunes, is a small segment of a vast labyrinth of valleys, fractures and plateaus. The Coprates and Phoenicis Lacus quadrangles of Mars contain the Valles Marineris, Noctis Labyrinthus, and Claritas Fossae areas, each of which shows distinctive structural patterns. Open Educational Resource.Inner Planets in Earth science. Locate Noctis Labyrinthus Assume that water has flowed through this area: what type of drainage pattern is present here? Part of Noctis Labyrinthus taken with Mars Global Surveyor. Consider the material that makes up Apollinaris: what does the presence of these linear channels suggest about the strength (ability to resist erosion) of the underlying material? What does this type of drainage pattern … These features you are seeing are linear valleys. 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